Role of Antidiarrhoeal Drugs as Adjunctive Therapies for Acute Diarrhoea in Children
نویسنده
چکیده
Acute diarrhoea is a leading cause of child mortality in developing countries. Principal pathogens include Escherichia coli, rotaviruses, and noroviruses. 90% of diarrhoeal deaths are attributable to inadequate sanitation. Acute diarrhoea is the second leading cause of overall childhood mortality and accounts for 18% of deaths among children under five. In 2004 an estimated 1.5 million children died from diarrhoea, with 80% of deaths occurring before the age of two. Treatment goals are to prevent dehydration and nutritional damage and to reduce duration and severity of diarrhoeal episodes. The recommended therapeutic regimen is to provide oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and to continue feeding. Although ORS effectively mitigates dehydration, it has no effect on the duration, severity, or frequency of diarrhoeal episodes. Adjuvant therapy with micronutrients, probiotics, or antidiarrhoeal agents may thus be useful. The WHO recommends the use of zinc tablets in association with ORS. The ESPGHAN/ESPID treatment guidelines consider the use of racecadotril, diosmectite, or probiotics as possible adjunctive therapy to ORS. Only racecadotril and diosmectite reduce stool output, but no treatment has yet been shown to reduce hospitalisation rate or mortality. Appropriate management with validated treatments may help reduce the health and economic burden of acute diarrhoea in children worldwide.
منابع مشابه
Antidiarrhoeal and Antiulcer Activities of Mammea Africana
The stembark of Mammea africana is used traditionally for the treatment of stomach pains. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of ethanolic stembark extract of Mammea africana on experimentally induced diarrhoea and ulcer . The extract ( 30 – 90mg/kg) was administered orally in rats 30 minutes to one hour before the induction of diarrhoeal and ulcer using di...
متن کاملThrombolytic, Membrane stabilizing, Antidiarrhoeal, and Antimicrobial Properties of Bioactive Compounds Isolated from leaves of Sesbania grandiflora Naturally Growing in Bangladesh
Abstract Sesbania grandiflora leaves are extensively used locally since ancient time as in traditional systems. Base on mainly folkloric use, we investigated to know the potential of Sesbania grandiflora leaves extracts through biological works in vivo and in vitro. The ethanolic extract of S. grandiflora leaves was partitioned into ethyl acetate soluble fraction (ESF), petroleum ether so...
متن کاملStudy of Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Two Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh in Castor-oil Induced Diarrhoea
Kaempferia galanga (Family: Zingiberaceae) has immense importance in traditional health care system as a carminative, cholera, antiinflammatory, abdominal pain, dyspepsia and stomachic as well as in the diseases of coughs, pectoral affections and stoppage of the nasal blocks. Grewia paniculata (Family: Malvaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for treatment of indigestion, eczema, itch, ...
متن کاملEffects of acetorphan, an enkephalinase inhibitor, on experimental and acute diarrhoea.
Acetorphan is an orally active inhibitor of enkephalinase (EC 3.4.24.11) with antidiarrhoeal activity in rodents apparently through protection of endogenous enkephalins and a purely antisecretory mechanism. Its antidiarrhoeal activity in man was assessed in an experimental model of cathartic induced secretory diarrhoea as well as in acute diarrhoea of presumed infectious origin. In six healthy ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
دوره 2013 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013